Seatbelt
Seatbelt is a C# project that performs a number of security oriented host-survey "safety checks" relevant from both offensive and defensive security perspectives.
@andrewchiles' HostEnum.ps1 script and @tifkin_'s Get-HostProfile.ps1 provided inspiration for many of the artifacts to collect.
@harmj0y and @tifkin_ are the primary authors of this implementation.
Seatbelt is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause license.
Table of Contents
Seatbelt
Table of Contents
Command Line Usage
Command Groups
system
user
misc
Additional Command Groups
Command Arguments
Output
Remote Enumeration
Building Your Own Modules
Compile Instructions
Acknowledgments
Command Line Usage
Note: searches that target users will run for the current user if not-elevated and for ALL users if elevated.
A more detailed wiki is coming...
Command Groups
Note: many commands do some type of filtering by default. Supplying the -full argument prevents filtering output. Also, the command group all will run all current checks.
For example, the following command will run ALL checks and returns ALL output:
Seatbelt.exe -group=all -full
system
Runs checks that mine interesting data about the system.
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=system
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
AMSIProviders | Providers registered for AMSI |
AntiVirus | Registered antivirus (via WMI) |
AppLocker | AppLocker settings, if installed |
ARPTable | Lists the current ARP table and adapter information(equivalent to arp -a) |
AuditPolicies | Enumerates classic and advanced audit policy settings |
AuditPolicyRegistry | Audit settings via the registry |
AutoRuns | Auto run executables/scripts/programs |
Certificates | User and machine personal certificate files |
CertificateThumbprints | Thumbprints for all certificate store certs on the system |
CredGuard | CredentialGuard configuration |
DNSCache | DNS cache entries (via WMI) |
DotNet | DotNet versions |
EnvironmentPath | Current environment %PATH$ folders and SDDL information |
EnvironmentVariables | Current user environment variables |
Hotfixes | Installed hotfixes (via WMI) |
InterestingProcesses | "Interesting" processes - defensive products and admin tools |
InternetSettings | Internet settings including proxy configs |
LAPS | LAPS settings, if installed |
LastShutdown | Returns the DateTime of the last system shutdown (via the registry) |
LocalGPOs | Local Group Policy settings applied to the machine/local users |
LocalGroups | Non-empty local groups, "full" displays all groups (argument == computername to enumerate) |
LocalUsers | Local users, whether they're active/disabled, and pwd last set (argument == computername to enumerate) |
LogonSessions | Logon events (Event ID 4624) from the security event log. Default of 10 days, argument == last X days. |
LSASettings | LSA settings (including auth packages) |
McAfeeConfigs | Finds McAfee configuration files |
NamedPipes | Named pipe names and any readable ACL information |
NetworkProfiles | Windows network profiles |
NetworkShares | Network shares exposed by the machine (via WMI) |
NTLMSettings | NTLM authentication settings |
OptionalFeatures | TODO |
OSInfo | Basic OS info (i.e. architecture, OS version, etc.) |
PoweredOnEvents | Reboot and sleep schedule based on the System event log EIDs 1, 12, 13, 42, and 6008. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days. |
PowerShell | PowerShell versions and security settings |
Processes | Running processes with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "full" enumerates all processes |
PSSessionSettings | Enumerates PS Session Settings from the registry |
RDPSessions | Current incoming RDP sessions (argument == computername to enumerate) |
RDPsettings | Remote Desktop Server/Client Settings |
SCCM | System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) settings, if applicable |
Services | Services with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "full" dumps all processes |
Sysmon | Sysmon configuration from the registry |
TcpConnections | Current TCP connections and their associated processes and services |
TokenPrivileges | Currently enabled token privileges (e.g. SeDebugPrivilege/etc.) |
UAC | UAC system policies via the registry |
UdpConnections | Current UDP connections and associated processes and services |
UserRightAssignments | Configured User Right Assignments (e.g. SeDenyNetworkLogonRight, SeShutdownPrivilege, etc.) argument == computername to enumerate |
WifiProfile | TODO |
WindowsAutoLogon | Registry autologon information |
WindowsDefender | Windows Defender settings (including exclusion locations) |
WindowsEventForwarding | Windows Event Forwarding (WEF) settings via the registry |
WindowsFirewall | Non-standard firewall rules, "full" dumps all (arguments == allow/deny/tcp/udp/in/out/domain/private/public) |
WMIEventConsumer | Lists WMI Event Consumers |
WMIEventFilter | Lists WMI Event Filters |
WMIFilterBinding | Lists WMI Filter to Consumer Bindings |
WSUS | Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) settings, if applicable |
user
Runs checks that mine interesting data about the currently logged on user (if not elevated) or ALL users (if elevated).
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=user
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
Certificates | User and machine personal certificate files |
CertificateThumbprints | Thumbprints for all certificate store certs on the system |
ChromiumPresence | Checks if interesting Chrome/Edge/Brave/Opera files exist |
CloudCredentials | AWS/Google/Azure cloud credential files |
CloudSyncProviders | TODO |
CredEnum | Enumerates the current user's saved credentials using CredEnumerate() |
dir | Lists files/folders. By default, lists users' downloads, documents, and desktop folders (arguments == <directory> <depth> <regex> |
DpapiMasterKeys | List DPAPI master keys |
Dsregcmd | TODO |
ExplorerMRUs | Explorer most recently used files (last 7 days, argument == last X days) |
ExplorerRunCommands | Recent Explorer "run" commands |
FileZilla | FileZilla configuration files |
FirefoxPresence | Checks if interesting Firefox files exist |
IdleTime | Returns the number of seconds since the current user's last input. |
IEFavorites | Internet Explorer favorites |
IETabs | Open Internet Explorer tabs |
IEUrls | Internet Explorer typed URLs (last 7 days, argument == last X days) |
KeePass | TODO |
MappedDrives | Users' mapped drives (via WMI) |
OfficeMRUs | Office most recently used file list (last 7 days) |
OneNote | TODO |
OracleSQLDeveloper | TODO |
PowerShellHistory | Iterates through every local user and attempts to read their PowerShell console history if successful will print it |
PuttyHostKeys | Saved Putty SSH host keys |
PuttySessions | Saved Putty configuration (interesting fields) and SSH host keys |
RDCManFiles | Windows Remote Desktop Connection Manager settings files |
RDPSavedConnections | Saved RDP connections stored in the registry |
SecPackageCreds | Obtains credentials from security packages |
SlackDownloads | Parses any found 'slack-downloads' files |
SlackPresence | Checks if interesting Slack files exist |
SlackWorkspaces | Parses any found 'slack-workspaces' files |
SuperPutty | SuperPutty configuration files |
TokenGroups | The current token's local and domain groups |
WindowsCredentialFiles | Windows credential DPAPI blobs |
WindowsVault | Credentials saved in the Windows Vault (i.e. logins from Internet Explorer and Edge). |
misc
Runs all miscellaneous checks.
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=misc
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
ChromiumBookmarks | Parses any found Chrome/Edge/Brave/Opera bookmark files |
ChromiumHistory | Parses any found Chrome/Edge/Brave/Opera history files |
ExplicitLogonEvents | Explicit Logon events (Event ID 4648) from the security event log. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days. |
FileInfo | Information about a file (version information, timestamps, basic PE info, etc. argument(s) == file path(s) |
FirefoxHistory | Parses any found FireFox history files |
InstalledProducts | Installed products via the registry |
InterestingFiles | "Interesting" files matching various patterns in the user's folder. Note: takes non-trivial time. |
LogonEvents | Logon events (Event ID 4624) from the security event log. Default of 10 days, argument == last X days. |
LOLBAS | Locates Living Off The Land Binaries and Scripts (LOLBAS) on the system. Note: takes non-trivial time. |
McAfeeSiteList | Decrypt any found McAfee SiteList.xml configuration files. |
MicrosoftUpdates | All Microsoft updates (via COM) |
OutlookDownloads | List files downloaded by Outlook |
PowerShellEvents | PowerShell script block logs (4104) with sensitive data. |
Printers | Installed Printers (via WMI) |
ProcessCreationEvents | Process creation logs (4688) with sensitive data. |
ProcessOwners | Running non-session 0 process list with owners. For remote use. |
RecycleBin | Items in the Recycle Bin deleted in the last 30 days - only works from a user context! |
reg | Registry key values (HKLM\Software by default) argument == [Path] [intDepth] [Regex] [boolIgnoreErrors] |
RPCMappedEndpoints | Current RPC endpoints mapped |
ScheduledTasks | Scheduled tasks (via WMI) that aren't authored by 'Microsoft', "full" dumps all Scheduled tasks |
SearchIndex | Query results from the Windows Search Index, default term of 'passsword'. (argument(s) == <search path> <pattern1,pattern2,...> |
SecurityPackages | Enumerates the security packages currently available using EnumerateSecurityPackagesA() |
SysmonEvents | Sysmon process creation logs (1) with sensitive data. |
Additional Command Groups
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=GROUPNAME
| Alias | Description |
|---|---|
Slack | Runs modules that start with "Slack*" |
Chromium | Runs modules that start with "Chromium*" |
Remote | Runs the following modules (for use against a remote system): AMSIProviders, AntiVirus, AuditPolicyRegistry, ChromiumPresence, CloudCredentials, DNSCache, DotNet, DpapiMasterKeys, EnvironmentVariables, ExplicitLogonEvents, ExplorerRunCommands, FileZilla, Hotfixes, InterestingProcesses, KeePass, LastShutdown, LocalGroups, LocalUsers, LogonEvents, LogonSessions, LSASettings, MappedDrives, NetworkProfiles, NetworkShares, NTLMSettings, OptionalFeatures, OSInfo, PoweredOnEvents, PowerShell, ProcessOwners, PSSessionSettings, PuttyHostKeys, PuttySessions, RDPSavedConnections, RDPSessions, RDPsettings, Sysmon, WindowsDefender, WindowsEventForwarding, WindowsFirewall |
Command Arguments
Command that accept arguments have it noted in their description. To pass an argument to a command, enclose the command an arguments in double quotes.
For example, the following command returns 4624 logon events for the last 30 days:
Seatbelt.exe "LogonEvents 30"
The following command queries a registry three levels deep, returning only keys/valueNames/values that match the regex .*defini.*, and ignoring any errors that occur.
Seatbelt.exe "reg \"HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\" 3 .*defini.* true"
Output
Seatbelt can redirect its output to a file with the -outputfile="C:\Path\file.txt" argument. If the file path ends in .json, the output will be structured json.
For example, the following command will output the results of system checks to a txt file:
Seatbelt.exe -group=system -outputfile="C:\Temp\system.txt"
Remote Enumeration
Commands noted with a + in the help menu can be run remotely against another system. This is performed over WMI via queries for WMI classes and WMI's StdRegProv for registry enumeration.
To enumerate a remote system, supply -computername=COMPUTER.DOMAIN.COM - an alternate username and password can be specified with -username=DOMAIN\USER -password=PASSWORD
For example, the following command runs remote-focused checks against a remote system:
Seatbelt.exe -group=remote -computername=192.168.230.209 -username=THESHIRE\sam -password="yum \"po-ta-toes\""
Building Your Own Modules
Seatbelt's structure is completely modular, allowing for additional command modules to be dropped into the file structure and loaded up dynamically.
There is a commented command module template at .\Seatbelt\Commands\Template.cs for reference. Once built, drop the module in the logical file location, include it in the project in the Visual Studio Solution Explorer, and compile.
Compile Instructions
We are not planning on releasing binaries for Seatbelt, so you will have to compile yourself.
Seatbelt has been built against .NET 3.5 and 4.0 with C# 8.0 features and is compatible with Visual Studio Community Edition. Simply open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build. To change the target .NET framework version, modify the project's settings and rebuild the project.
Acknowledgments
Seatbelt incorporates various collection items, code C# snippets, and bits of PoCs found throughout research for its capabilities. These ideas, snippets, and authors are highlighted in the appropriate locations in the source code, and include:
@andrewchiles' HostEnum.ps1 script and @tifkin_'s Get-HostProfile.ps1 provided inspiration for many of the artifacts to collect.
Numerous PInvoke.net samples <3
@cmaddalena's SharpCloud project, BSD 3-Clause
@_RastaMouse's Watson project, GPL License
@peewpw's Invoke-WCMDump project, GPL License
TrustedSec's HoneyBadger project, BSD 3-Clause
CENTRAL Solutions's Audit User Rights Assignment Project, No license
Collection ideas inspired from @ukstufus's Reconerator
Office MRU locations and timestamp parsing information from Dustin Hurlbut's paper Microsoft Office 2007, 2010 - Registry Artifacts
The Windows Commands list, used for sensitive regex construction
darkoperator's work on the HoneyBadger project
@airzero24's work on WMI Registry enumeration
Alexandru's answer on RegistryKey.OpenBaseKey alternatives
Tomas Vera's post on JavaScriptSerializer
Marc Gravell's note on recursively listing files/folders
Some inspiration from spolnik's Simple.CredentialsManager project, Apache 2 license
This thread on network profile information
Mark McKinnon's post on decoding the DateCreated and DateLastConnected SSID values
This Specops post on group policy caching
sa_ddam213's StackOverflow post on enumerating items in the Recycle Bin
Kirill Osenkov's code for managed assembly detection
The Mono project for the SecBuffer/SecBufferDesc classes
Elad Shamir and his Internal-Monologue project, Vincent Le Toux for his DetectPasswordViaNTLMInFlow project, and Lee Christensen for this GetNTLMChallenge project. All of these served as inspiration int he SecPackageCreds command.
@leftp and @eksperience's Gopher project for inspiration for the FileZilla and SuperPutty commands
@funoverip for the original McAfee SiteList.xml decryption code
We've tried to do our due diligence for citations, but if we've left someone/something out, please let us know!
Last updated
